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docs/møder/2026-05-xx-messaging-presentation.md
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### Free & Open Alternatives to WhatsApp and Messenger ### Free & Open Alternatives to WhatsApp and Messenger
MakerFLOSS · 2026 MakerFLOSS · April 2026
--- ---
@ -20,38 +20,36 @@ Most people use WhatsApp, Messenger, or iMessage.
- **WhatsApp** — owned by Meta; metadata harvested; backup encryption only added under pressure - **WhatsApp** — owned by Meta; metadata harvested; backup encryption only added under pressure
- **Messenger** — no E2EE by default in groups; extensive ad tracking - **Messenger** — no E2EE by default in groups; extensive ad tracking
- **Telegram** — *not* E2EE by default; groups are server-side; closed server - **Telegram** — _not_ E2EE by default; groups are server-side; closed server
- **iMessage** — Apple lock-in; not available on Android or Linux - **iMessage** — Apple lock-in; not available on Android or Linux
These apps are *convenient* — but the cost is your data and your network. These apps are _convenient_ — but the cost is your data.
--- ---
## What Would We Want Instead? ## Whish-list
| Property | Why it matters | | Property | Why it matters |
|---|---| | ------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- |
| End-to-end encryption | Only sender and recipient can read messages | | End-to-end encryption | Only sender and recipient can read messages |
| Open source | Anyone can audit the code | | Open source | Anyone can audit the code |
| Self-hostable | You control the server and the data | | Self-hostable | You control the server and the data |
| No phone number required | Less identity linkage | | No phone number required | Less identity linkage |
| Cross-platform | Linux, Android, iOS, Windows | | Cross-platform | Linux, Android, iOS, Windows |
| Federated / decentralized | No single point of failure or control | | Federated / decentralized | No single point of failure or control |
No single app checks every box — but the trade-offs are manageable.
--- ---
## The Landscape at a Glance ## The Landscape at a Glance
| App | E2EE | Open source | Self-host | No phone# | Federation | | App | E2EE | Open source | Self-host | No phone# | Federation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---| | -------------------- | ---- | ----------- | --------- | --------- | ---------- |
| **Signal** | ✓ | Partial | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | | **Signal** | ✓ | Partial | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ |
| **Matrix / Element** | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | **Matrix / Element** | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| **XMPP + OMEMO** | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | **XMPP + OMEMO** | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| **Briar** | ✓ | ✓ | N/A | ✓ | N/A | | **Briar** | ✓ | ✓ | N/A | ✓ | N/A |
| **Session** | ✓ | ✓ | Partial | ✓ | Partial | | **Session** | ✓ | ✓ | Partial | ✓ | Partial |
| **Threema** | ✓ | ✓ | Partial | Optional | ✗ | | **Threema** | ✓ | ✓ | Partial | Optional | ✗ |
--- ---
@ -63,12 +61,14 @@ No single app checks every box — but the trade-offs are manageable.
WhatsApp, Google Messages (RCS), Skype, Facebook Messenger (secret chats) WhatsApp, Google Messages (RCS), Skype, Facebook Messenger (secret chats)
### Pros ### Pros
- Extremely simple UX — works like a normal messaging app - Extremely simple UX — works like a normal messaging app
- Calls, groups, disappearing messages, Stories, Note to Self - Calls, groups, disappearing messages, Stories, Note to Self
- Audited, battle-tested cryptography - Audited, battle-tested cryptography
- No ads, no tracking, no data sold - No ads, no tracking, no data sold
### Cons ### Cons
- Phone number required — links your identity to your account - Phone number required — links your identity to your account
- Centralized — Signal's servers, Signal's rules - Centralized — Signal's servers, Signal's rules
- Server source code published but community forks are blocked - Server source code published but community forks are blocked
@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ Alice's phone Signal Server Bob's phone
[message] ──encrypt(Bob's key)──▶ [stores ciphertext] ──────▶ decrypt ──▶ [message] [message] ──encrypt(Bob's key)──▶ [stores ciphertext] ──────▶ decrypt ──▶ [message]
``` ```
- The server sees: *who* talks to *whom*, *when*, and *how often* - The server sees: _who_ talks to _whom_, _when_, and _how often_
- The server does **not** see: message content - The server does **not** see: message content
- This metadata is still significant — [read the Signal subpoena responses](https://signal.org/bigbrother/) - This metadata is still significant — [read the Signal subpoena responses](https://signal.org/bigbrother/)
@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ Matrix is a **protocol**, not an app — like email, but for real-time chat.
## Matrix — Pros and Cons ## Matrix — Pros and Cons
### Pros ### Pros
- Fully open source, top to bottom - Fully open source, top to bottom
- Self-host your own homeserver — you own your data - Self-host your own homeserver — you own your data
- Federated — no single company controls the network - Federated — no single company controls the network
@ -118,6 +119,7 @@ Matrix is a **protocol**, not an app — like email, but for real-time chat.
- Persistent rooms, Spaces (like Discord servers), threads - Persistent rooms, Spaces (like Discord servers), threads
### Cons ### Cons
- E2EE key management is still clunky (cross-signing, key backup) - E2EE key management is still clunky (cross-signing, key backup)
- Synapse is resource-hungry (~1 GB RAM for a small server) - Synapse is resource-hungry (~1 GB RAM for a small server)
- Message history sync across federation is slow - Message history sync across federation is slow
@ -130,12 +132,14 @@ Matrix is a **protocol**, not an app — like email, but for real-time chat.
We could run our own homeserver at `matrix.makerfloss.eu`. We could run our own homeserver at `matrix.makerfloss.eu`.
**What this gives us:** **What this gives us:**
- Full control over our community chat - Full control over our community chat
- Bridges to reach people still on WhatsApp or Messenger - Bridges to reach people still on WhatsApp or Messenger
- A playground for learning about self-hosted infrastructure - A playground for learning about self-hosted infrastructure
- Federated — members can also use matrix.org or their personal servers - Federated — members can also use matrix.org or their personal servers
**Resources needed:** **Resources needed:**
- A VPS (we already have one at `88.99.32.236`) - A VPS (we already have one at `88.99.32.236`)
- ~500 MB RAM for Conduit (lighter than Synapse) - ~500 MB RAM for Conduit (lighter than Synapse)
- A subdomain + TLS (Traefik already handles this) - A subdomain + TLS (Traefik already handles this)
@ -145,14 +149,18 @@ We could run our own homeserver at `matrix.makerfloss.eu`.
## Two More Worth Knowing ## Two More Worth Knowing
### XMPP (Jabber) ### XMPP (Jabber)
The *original* federated chat standard — 1999. Still alive and kicking.
The _original_ federated chat standard — 1999. Still alive and kicking.
- Extremely mature and lightweight - Extremely mature and lightweight
- Good clients: **Conversations** (Android), **Monal** (iOS/macOS), **Gajim** (desktop) - Good clients: **Conversations** (Android), **Monal** (iOS/macOS), **Gajim** (desktop)
- E2EE via OMEMO - E2EE via OMEMO
- Con: fragmented client quality; setup less beginner-friendly - Con: fragmented client quality; setup less beginner-friendly
### Briar ### Briar
Peer-to-peer messaging — *no server at all*.
Peer-to-peer messaging — _no server at all_.
- Works over Tor, local WiFi, or Bluetooth (offline!) - Works over Tor, local WiFi, or Bluetooth (offline!)
- Censorship-resistant by design - Censorship-resistant by design
- Con: Android only (iOS in beta); no desktop client; both parties must be online to first connect - Con: Android only (iOS in beta); no desktop client; both parties must be online to first connect
@ -161,12 +169,12 @@ Peer-to-peer messaging — *no server at all*.
## Participation — Let's Talk ## Participation — Let's Talk
**Round 1: Your current situation** *(2 min, pairs)* **Round 1: Your current situation** _(2 min, pairs)_
- What messenger do you use most, and why? - What messenger do you use most, and why?
- Is there anything about it that bothers you? - Is there anything about it that bothers you?
**Round 2: Barriers** *(group discussion)* **Round 2: Barriers** _(group discussion)_
- What's the hardest part of switching or convincing others to switch? - What's the hardest part of switching or convincing others to switch?
- "But all my friends are on WhatsApp" — how do you handle it? - "But all my friends are on WhatsApp" — how do you handle it?
@ -175,14 +183,16 @@ Peer-to-peer messaging — *no server at all*.
## Participation — Hands-On Options ## Participation — Hands-On Options
Pick one to try *right now*: Pick one to try _right now_:
**Option A — Signal** **Option A — Signal**
1. Install Signal on your phone 1. Install Signal on your phone
2. Register with your phone number 2. Register with your phone number
3. Send a message to the person next to you 3. Send a message to the person next to you
**Option B — Matrix (web)** **Option B — Matrix (web)**
1. Open [app.element.io](https://app.element.io) in your browser 1. Open [app.element.io](https://app.element.io) in your browser
2. Create a free account on matrix.org 2. Create a free account on matrix.org
3. Join the room `#makerfloss:matrix.org` (if it exists — let's create it!) 3. Join the room `#makerfloss:matrix.org` (if it exists — let's create it!)
@ -194,16 +204,16 @@ Should MakerFLOSS set up a Matrix homeserver? What would it take?
## Resources ## Resources
| Resource | Link | | Resource | Link |
|---|---| | ----------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
| Signal | signal.org | | Signal | signal.org |
| Matrix spec | spec.matrix.org | | Matrix spec | spec.matrix.org |
| Element client | element.io | | Element client | element.io |
| FluffyChat | fluffychat.im | | FluffyChat | fluffychat.im |
| Conduit server | conduit.rs | | Conduit server | conduit.rs |
| Briar | briarproject.org | | Briar | briarproject.org |
| Privacy Guides (comparison) | privacyguides.org/en/real-time-communication | | Privacy Guides (comparison) | privacyguides.org/en/real-time-communication |
| EFF Surveillance Self-Defense | ssd.eff.org | | EFF Surveillance Self-Defense | ssd.eff.org |
--- ---
@ -220,4 +230,4 @@ Should MakerFLOSS set up a Matrix homeserver? What would it take?
# Questions? # Questions?
*Slides made with [Marp](https://marp.app) — open source markdown slide tool* _Slides made with [Marp](https://marp.app) — open source markdown slide tool_

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--- ---
marp: true
theme: gaia theme: gaia
_class: lead _class: lead
paginate: true paginate: true